The discovery of Baodun culture improved the development and evolution of the ancient Shu civilization: the Baodun culture represented by prehistoric city sites in Chengdu Plain (2700-1800 BC); the Sanxingdui culture represented by the Sanxingdui site (1800 BC) -1200 BC) The 12 Bridges Culture represented by the Jinsha Site in Chengdu (1200-500 BC); the bronze culture of the Warring States (500 BC), represented by the commemorative sculls of the shipyards and dugongs of Chengdu Commercial Street. 316 BC). Since then, the Qin Dynasty destroyed the Bab, and the splendid and magnificent ancient Shu civilization finally integrated into the Han culture circle, becoming an important part of the Chinese civilization.
After nearly 20 years of archaeological excavation, the northwest of Xinjin County in Sichuan Province is 5,000 meters away. The Baodun Site about 4,500 years ago is displayed in front of the people. It pushed the history of Chengdu forward for more than 1,000 years and reached the distant Neolithic Age. Recently, large-scale houses over 300 square meters were found again in the archaeological sites of Baodun Phase I and Phase II; water conservancy facilities were discovered 4000 years ago in the third phase of the archeological site.
Standing on the ups and downs of the Baodun Ruins, you will look into the distance. A few days ago, the Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology found an ancient city residents' living building with an area of ​​360 square meters in the Baodun Inner City area. It is the largest living building found so far at the Baodun site and was discovered by the archaeological team in this area. The third big house.
Wang Yi, director of the Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, introduced that after many years of archaeological discovery, those irregular loess louses were actually an ancient Baodun city wall dating back to about 4500 years. It is estimated that the ancient city area is about 2.68 million square meters. “The style of the great nation and the air field burst out instantly.†Wang Yi exclaimed.
Changhua Zhanghua, deputy director of the Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said that there are large and small cities in Baodun City, which is not the primary form of the city but the shape of the city during the period of slavery.
Baodun "Mansion":
Influencing Sanxingdui's late-stage building structure
According to the director of the archaeological project, He Yuyu, there are many small houses around the house that live for the tribal residents. It is speculated that the "luxury house" discovered this time was used by tribes when performing religious activities and gatherings. It is similar to today's auditorium. This reflects the degree of civilization of the society at that time and shows that people in that society already have basic beliefs. The archaeological area is located at the excavation site of Tianjiaodulin on Baodun Site. The plane is a regular rectangular shape with a total length of 27.65 meters and a total width of 12.25 meters. The column pits are mostly square and of different sizes. They are filled with yellowish yuba and contain a large amount of braised soil. Earth particles, as well as a little Bao Dun period pottery fragments and pebbles. A semicircular burning pit is seen in the center of part of the column pit, which is supposed to be the column base position. The northern side of the site was poorly preserved and was mostly destroyed by the late ditches.
According to Jiang Zhanghua, although there are small objects like pottery pieces that have been unearthed at present and no other items have been found, it can be inferred that items that can reflect the degree of civilization developed at that time should be used to worship gods. Therefore, find the sacrificial pits. It is everyone's expectation. In terms of building structure, such a large house is reflected in the housing construction of the later Sanxingdui and Jinsha. The current findings can at least explain the uninterrupted continuity of civilization in the context of architecture.
"This scale must not be an ordinary person's place of residence. It should belong to the upper class, but it may not necessarily be the leader. The ancient city of Baodun has an area of ​​2.68 square kilometers, and there are two laps of the city walls, full of imposing manners. The size of the three large buildings is also Can not exactly match the momentum of the ancient city, the leader's residence will be greater, and I have always believed that the ancient city of Baodun will also find precious jades like the Jinsha culture and Liangzhu culture, which match and prove the history of the ancient city of Baodun. The key material evidence of status." Wang Yi introduced.
Water control facilities before 4,000:
Major discovery in the history of water conservancy
This year, the archeological team also discovered the 4000-year-old water conservancy facilities at the Baodun III site near Hongqiao Village in Wenjiang District, Chengdu. The entire dam bank protection facility is 147 meters long, 12 meters wide and 14 meters wide. Building practices are similar to the practice of the city wall during Baodun period.
The discovery of this water conservancy facility has found the source of wisdom for the World Cultural Heritage Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project. According to reports, the practice of the water conservancy system and the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project intersect in many places. The Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project is a water conservancy facility that promotes and inherits the wisdom of the ancient Shu people during the Baodun period. As early as 4,000 years ago, the wisdom of how people and water got along on the land of the ancient Shu country rivers began to form here.
According to Yang Zhanfeng, the person in charge of the site of the Red Bridge Village site at Baodun III, the city’s waterways have been rushing since it was located in the Chengdu Plain. In order to protect the riverside cities and houses from being eroded by river water, the dam was built and happened to be Inside the embankment, archaeological discoveries of large houses, family cemeteries, etc. In the inner ditch of the water conservancy facilities, many traces of wooden piles have also been found. That is to say, the levee built by the monks was also reinforced with wooden piles. Since the excavation of the Baodun site, no more detailed structure than this dam has been seen.
On the embankment, rows of pebbles are clearly visible. Wang Yi said: “We analyzed that people at the time were using bamboo cages to hold stones and fix them. Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project has used the principle of bamboo cages to fix sand and gravel. Therefore, this is a very important discovery in the history of water conservancy. Dujiangyan's civilization is rooted in the legend of the monk's flood control more than 4,000 years ago. Today, the discovery of the water conservancy facilities confirms history."
Archaeological in-depth:
Perfect civilization
The discovery of Baodun culture improved the development and evolution of the ancient Shu civilization: the Baodun culture represented by prehistoric city sites in Chengdu Plain (2700-1800 BC); the Sanxingdui culture represented by the Sanxingdui site (1800 BC) -1200 BC) The 12 Bridges Culture represented by the Jinsha Site in Chengdu (1200-500 BC); the bronze culture of the Warring States (500 BC), represented by the commemorative sculls of the shipyards and dugongs of Chengdu Commercial Street. 316 BC). Since then, the Qin Dynasty destroyed the Bab, and the splendid and magnificent ancient Shu civilization finally integrated into the Han culture circle, becoming an important part of the Chinese civilization.
“The ancient city of Baodun is the oldest chapter we can find out about the origin of civilization in Chengdu Plain. At the same time, it is also a splendid chapter of the Chinese civilization. It is of great significance for exploring the origin of civilization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.†Wang Yi introduced .
With the further in-depth archaeological research of the Baodun site, and with a little clear history, the mystery of the civilization of Sanxingdui will be answered at the moment when Baodun's veil layers are opened.
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